The wavelength of a laser describes the spatial frequency of the emitted light wave. The optimal wavelength for a specific use case depends heavily on the application. During material processing, different materials will have unique wavelength absorption characteristics, resulting in different interactions with the materials. Likewise, atmospheric absorption and interference can affect certain wavelengths differently in remote sensing, and in medical laser applications, different skin colors will absorb certain wavelengths differently. Shorter wavelength lasers and laser optics have advantages in creating small, precise features that generate minimal peripheral heating due to smaller focused spots. However, they are generally more expensive and more susceptible to damage than longer-wavelength lasers.
Stimulated Brillouin Scattering is the parametric interaction between pump light, Stokes waves and acoustic waves. It can be regarded as the annihilation of a pump photon, producing a Stokes photon and an acoustic phonon simultaneously.
Vertical cavity surface emitting laser is a new generation of semiconductor laser that has been developing rapidly in recent years. The so-called "vertical cavity surface emission" means that the laser emission direction is perpendicular to the cleavage plane or substrate surface. Another emission method corresponding to it is called "edge emission". Traditional semiconductor lasers adopt an edge-emitting mode, that is, the laser emission direction is parallel to the substrate surface. This type of laser is called an edge-emitting laser (EEL). Compared with EEL, VCSEL has the advantages of good beam quality, single-mode output, high modulation bandwidth, long life, easy integration and testing, etc., so it has been widely used in optical communications, optical display, optical sensing and other fields.
TEC (Thermo Electric Cooler) is a thermoelectric cooler or thermoelectric cooler. It is also called a TEC refrigeration chip because it looks like a chip device. Semiconductor thermoelectric refrigeration technology is an energy conversion technology that uses the Peltier effect of semiconductor materials to achieve refrigeration or heating. It is widely used in optoelectronics, electronics industry, biomedicine, consumer appliances and other fields. The so-called Peltier effect refers to the phenomenon that when a DC current passes through a galvanic couple composed of two semiconductor materials, one end absorbs heat and the other end releases heat at both ends of the galvanic couple.
The near-infrared spectrum is mainly generated when the molecular vibration transitions from the ground state to a high energy level due to the non-resonant nature of the molecular vibration. What is recorded is mainly the frequency doubling and combined frequency absorption of the vibration of the hydrogen-containing group X-H (X=C, N, O). . Different groups (such as methyl, methylene, benzene rings, etc.) or the same group have obvious differences in the near-infrared absorption wavelength and intensity in different chemical environments.
Polarization extinction ratio and polarization degree are both physical quantities that describe the polarization state of light, but their meanings and application scenarios are different.
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